Hot water boiler for a heating system



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Arr-0R 7 United States Patent 3,030,938 HOT WATER BQILER FOR A HEATING SYSTEM Heinrich Vorkauf, Davoser Strasse 2b, Berlin-Schrnargendorf, Germany Filed June 19, 1957, Ser. No. 666,578 3 Claims. (Cl. 122-235) The invention relates to a hot water boiler for a heat ing system including a circulating pump, and more particularly to a hot water boiler of the type which comprises a tubular convection heating surface and a tubular radiantly heated surface, and wherein the circulating pump urges the circulating water through the convection heating surface whereas so much lifting force is created in the tubes of the radiantly heated surface that the flow and distribution of the water in the tubes of the latter takes place, at least predominantly, owing to the natural lifting force. For this purpose it is necessary to dispose the tubes of the radiantly heated surface vertically or as nearly vertically as possible.

In conventional boilers of the mentioned type, the tubes of the front wall are frequently extended along the ceiling or at least part of the ceiling. This structure involves a severe drawback owing to the fact that in many types of furnaces the tubes located at the front wall are not intensely heated inasmuch as the flame originates at the front wall. In consequence, there does not exist a high lifting force in the front wall tubes.

The present invention aims, therefore, to avoid the mentioned drawback and to form ceiling tubes of extensions of radiantly heated tubes other than front wall tubes.

it is another purpose of the invention to provide a boiler in which ceiling tubes consist of extensions of radiantly heated side wall tubes of the furnace.

The invention further contemplates to provide a boiler in which ceiling tubes are formed by extensions of radiantly heated rear wall tubes of the furnace.

The invention is advantageous over the conventional boilers in that it causes a better distribution of the circulating water among the individual tubes of the radiantly heated surface' In the intensely heated tubes of the side wall or rear wall, a strong lifting force is created owing to the heating up of the water therein so that these tubes convey sufficient water through the ceiling tubes. Furthermore, it is obtained that the tubes which receive most heat are formed more elastic. This is of high importance with hot water boilers the framework of which constitutes a tubular cage through which the circulating water flows.

Therefore, the invention also aims to provide a hot water boiler with a water-cooled tubular framework of which the vertical tubes serve as downcomers, and with side or rear wall tubes of the furnace extended to form ceiling tubes so that a natural or gravity circulation may be superimposed on the passage of the water through the boiler.

Another object of the invention is to provide a boiler including collectors for the ceiling-forming extensions of the side or rear walls so arranged that the most favorable conditions for the circulation exist.

Further objects and details of the invention will be apparent from the description given hereinafter and the accompanying drawing illustrating embodiments thereof by way of example.

In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical longitudinal section of a boiler according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is a section along line 22 of FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 4 is a section along line 4-4 of FIG. 3,

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section of a third embodiment, and

FIG. 6 is a section along line 6-6 of FIG. 5.

Referring now to the drawing, F168. 1 and 2 show a boiler in general denoted by 10 with a framework comprising vertical tubes 11, lower longitudinal tubes 12 on both sides of the. bottom of the boiler, and an upper longitudinal tube 13 located in the top wall of the boiler in the vertical median plane thereof. The interior of the boiler contains the furnace space 14 in which the grate or burners are omitted in order not to overcrowd the drawing, a down flue 15 and an upward flue 16. The path of the combustion gases is indicated by arrows. In the top of the front wall 17 of the boiler, a transverse tube 18 is connected to the upper longitudinal tube 13. Downcomers 19 connect the ends of the tube 18 to the front end portions of the lower longitudinals 12, the ultimate ends of which are closed by blind flanges 20.

The convection heating surface consists of serpentine tubes 21 which are connected to a. distributor 22 located rather low in the rear of the boiler. The distributor is provided with a socket 23 for connection to the heating system (not shown) so as to receive from the latter the return water under pressure of the circulating pump of that system. The serpentine tubes 21 are accommodated in the flue 16 and open into a collector 24 which is connected to the upper end portions of the vertical tubes 11. The tubes 11 form downcomers connected with their lower ends to the longitudinals 12 which, together with a transverse tube 25, constitute the distributors for the radiation heating surface.

The radiation heating surface comprises the vertical side wall tubes 26 of the furnace space, the rear wall tubes 27 and the upper extensions 28 of the side wall tubes which form the ceiling of the furnace. The side wall tubes 26 are erected on the longitudinal distributors 12 and their extensions 28 are bent inwardly and slightly inclined upwardly to be connected with their ends to the upper longitudinal tube 13 which, thus, constitutes the collector for the side wall tubes 26 and ceiling tubes 28. The rear wall tubes 27 extend from the transverse distributor 25 and open into the main transverse collector 30 provided with an outlet socket 31 for connection to the inlet side of the heating system. The upper ends of the alternate rear wall tubes are bent inwardly as indicated at 32 thereby to create a passage for the combustion gases from the furnace space to the downward flue 15. In order to form the latter, the lower portions 27 of the rear wall tubes are inward-1y inclined as clearly shown in FIG. 1. Between fines 15 and 16 a partition is formed by a set of tubes 33 which also extend from the transverse distributor 25 and are bent at their upper portions so as to be connected to the main collector 30. At the lower ends, alternate tubes 33 are bent inwards at 34 to form the necessary passage from fine 15 to fine 16.

A pair of longitudinals 35 may extend rearwards from the ends of the transverse Collector 39 and communicate with downcomers 36, which are connected to the distributors 12 substantially in the plane of the tubes 33. The tubes 35 may be extended as far as the upper ends of the vertical tubes 11 and structurally secured thereto. The connection between the tubes 35 and 11 may be such that they may or may not communicate with one another. In the front portion of the furnace space the extensions of the side wall tubes may be bent off at levels increasingly lower towards the front wall 17 of the boiler, as clearly shown at 28', on account of which the ceiling of the furnace space is upwardly inclined from a lowest level 17' at the front wall to the level of the major portion of the ceiling. This structure renders the provision of front wall tubes unnecessary.

In this boiler, the return water from the heating system is forced by the circulating pump (not shown) of the latter into the distributor 22 from where it rises through the serpentine tubes 21 of the convection heating surface to the collector 24. From there the water falls down through the downcomers 11 to enter the distributors 12 and 25 of the radiation heating surface formed by the side wall tubes 26 with extensions 28 and by the rear wall tubes 27. In these tubes the lifting force is so great that the intensely heated water rises to enter the main collector 30, either through the longitudinal collector 13, to which the extensions or ceiling tubes 28 are connected or directly from the rear wall tubes 27. The heated water of the partition tubes 33 enters the main collector directly. From there a portion of the hot water may leave through the outlet 31 so as to feed the heating system whereas the remainder may flow down the tubes 19 and 36 to return in natural or gravity circulation to the distributors 12 and 25. If the tubes 35 communicate with the downcomers 11, some of the water from the main collector 30 may also mix in the downcomers 11 with the water of the convection heating surface, the collector 24 of which opens also into these downcomers.

It will be clear that a very effective distribution of the circulating water of the radiation heating surface, among the individual tubes of the latter, can thus be obtained, and that sutficient water will be conveyed through the ceiling tubes. Furthermore, the most intensely heated tubes are rendered more elastic than in the conventional boilers where side wall and rear wall tubes extend substantially vertically from their distributors to their collectors. All the other advantages mentioned hereinbefore will also be obtained.

It will be noticed that in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the ceiling tubes extend from each side through half the width of the furnace so as to open into a collector in the longitudinal median plane thereof. In the structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the ceiling tubes are formed by side wall tube extensions reaching from the one side all the way to the other side. The boiler 100 has a furnace space 14 and fines 15 and 16, the same as shown and described with respect to the boiler of FIGS. 1 and 2. There is also the convection heating surface formed by serpentine tubes 21 extending from a distributor 22 to a collector 24, which opens into downcomers 11 connected to lower longitudinal distributors 112 and 112'. The distributors 112 and 112 are connected by a transverse distributor 25 from which the rear wall tubes 27 and partition wall tubes 33 extend upwards to a main transverse collector I30. Whereas, however, in the boiler 10 a median longitudinal tube is connected to the collector 30, there are two lateral collector tubes 113 and 113', one on each side connecting the ends of the transverse collector 130 to the ends of the transverse tube 18 which, in turn, is connected by the downcomers 19 to the distributors 112 and 112', respectively.

The arrangement of the side wall and ceiling tubes of boiler 100 differs from that of the boiler 10. The side wall tubes 126 on the one side are spaced from one another somewhat more than the diameter of one of the tubes. .They are connected to the distributor 112 and are bent inwards to form, with their extensions, slightly rising ceiling tubes 128 which are connected to and open into the collector 113'. On the other side of the furnace, the side wall tubes 126' are similarly spaced from one another but arranged opposite the spaces between the tubes 126. They extend vertically upwards from the distributor 112' and form in their upper portions the ceiling tubes 128 which are connected to the collector 113. Thus, as clearly shown in FIG. 4, the ceiling tubes 128 cross the ceiling tubes 128' in the longitudinal central plane of the boiler 100. Another set of side wall tubes 140 may or may not be provided in the spaces between each pair of adjacent tubes 126 so as to extend between the distributor 112 and collector 113. Similarly, side wall tubes may or may not be arranged between each pair of adjacent tubes 126 so as to be connected between the distributor 112 and the collector 113. In other respects, the boiler 109 is similar to the boiler 10 and operates in a similar manner.

The boiler 200 of FIGS. 5 and 6 differs from the boilers 10 and essentially in that the rear wall tubes, rather than the side wall tubes, are bent and extended to form the ceiling tubes. This boiler has the furnace space 214 and the fines 215 and 216. .T he convection heating surface 221 is diagrammatically indicated as located in the flue 216. The framework of the boiler comprises the upper longitudinal collectors 213 and 213 connected by downcomers 211 and 219 to the longitudinal distributors 212, 212, respectively. A transverse collector 230, with outlet 231, connects the front ends of the collectors 213 and 213'. Side wall tubes 226 and 226 extend between the distributors 212, 212 and the collectors 213, 213, respectively. Rear wall tubes 227 are erected on a transverse distributor 225. In their upper portions they are bent forward to form the ceiling tubes 228 which open into the tnansverse collector 230. Partition tubes 233 also extend from the transverse distributor 225. Their upper portions are bent forward to form ceiling tubes 228 for the flue 215 and are connected to a transverse collector 229 between the longitudinal collectors 213 and 213. The operation of boiler 20% and its advantages will be clear from what has been stated in the foregoing description.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many alterations and modifications of the structures shown and described may be made without departure from the essence and spirit of the invention which for that reason shall not be limited but by the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a hot water boiler for a heating system including a housing having top and bottom walls, opposite side Walls, and front and rear end walls, comprising a pair of vertical tubes in said rear wall and adjacent said side walls, a pair of horizontal tubes in said bottom wall adjacent said side walls hving corresponding ends thereof in communication with the lower ends of said vertical tubes, a first transverse distributor tube interconnecting said horizontal tubes, a second pair of vertical tubes in said front wall having the lower ends thereof in communication with the opposite ends of said horizontal tubes. a second transverse connecting tube at the junction of said top wall and said front end wall having its opposite ends in communication with said second vertical tubes, a transverse collector tube, horizontal conduit means in said upper wall having one end thereof in communication with said upper horizontal tube and having the opposite end thereof in communication with said transverse collector tube in said upper wall, a second distributor, a second collector connected to the upper portion of the vertical tubes in said rear wall, a convection heating surface adjacent said rear wall comprising serpentine tubes having one terminal thereof connected to said second distributor and the opposite end thereof connected to said second collector, a plurality of upright tubes disposed within said housing adjacent said serpentine tubes with their upper and lower ends in communication with said transverse collector tube and said first transverse distributor tube, and a radiation heating surface comprising a plurality of vertical tubes having their upper ends in communication with said transverse collector tube and the lower ends in communication with said first distributor tube and said radiation surface further comprising vertical side wall tubes having upper extensions forming the ceiling of the boiler, the lower ends of said vertical side wall tubes communicating with said pair of horizontal tubes, and their upper ends being r l 5 inwardly inclined and being in communication with said upper horizontal conduit means.

2. A boiler according to claim 1 wherein said conduit means comprises a tube disposed in the central longitudinal vertical plane of the boiler, and said upper extension-s of said side wall tubes having the ends thereof in communication with said tube.

3. A boiler according to claim 1 wherein said conduit means comprises a tube disposed adjacent the upper portion of each side wall, and said upper extensions of said side wall tubes being connected to the header positioned in the opposite side wall, said side wall tubes crossing in the central longitudinal vertical plane of the boiler with their ends in communication with the respective tube.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,992,953 Kerr Mar. 5, 1935 FOREIGN PATENTS 821,209 Germany Nov. 29, 1951 1,061,716 France Dec. 2, 1953 927,114 Germany Apr. 28, 1955 

